contractor · 2026-05-01

Retaining wall block count calculator

Calculate block count, base gravel, drainage stone, and total cost for a segmental retaining wall (SRW) install.

Total wall cost
$2,469

Inputs

Wall length (ft)30
Wall height (inches)36
Block length (inches)17.5
Block height (inches)6
Block $ each$6
Cap block $ per linear foot$12
Base gravel $ per yard (delivered)$55
Drainage stone $ per yard (delivered)$60
Filter fabric (lump sum)$120
Labor $ per linear foot$35

Supporting metrics

Blocks needed126
Base gravel cubic yards0.8
Drainage stone cubic yards3.3
Block + cap cost$1,053
Base + drain stone cost$366
Labor cost$1,050

About this calculator

Retaining wall — blocks visible, gravel hidden, fabric critical

A segmental retaining wall (SRW) is half visible block face and half hidden drainage system. Skip the drainage and the wall fails — sometimes year 2, often year 5.

Three layers of aggregate

  1. Compacted base — 6 inches of crushed road base (¾ minus) in a trench under the bottom course. Sets level, prevents settling.
  2. Core fill — drainage stone (clean #57 or pea gravel) inside the cores of hollow-core blocks for weight and drainage.
  3. Backfill drainage chimney — 12 inches of clean drain stone behind the wall, ground to top, separated from native soil with filter fabric.

The fabric is non-negotiable. Without it, fines wash into the drain stone, clog it, build hydrostatic pressure, and push the wall over.

Height limits without engineering

Most jurisdictions require an engineered design above:

Below those limits, manufacturer's published prescriptive details (Allan Block, Versa-Lok, Belgard) are accepted.

What kills DIY walls

Skipped base, no batter (walls should lean back into the slope ~1 in per foot of height), no drain stone, no fabric, and stacking vertical instead of running-bond. Get the base right and the rest follows.

FAQ

Why do I need an engineer above 4 ft?

Soil pressure increases with the square of wall height. A 6-ft wall doesn't have 50% more force on it than a 4-ft wall — it has roughly 125% more. The block patterns, geogrid spacing, and base widths above 4 ft require a stamped design specific to your soil. Insurance/code/lawyer reasons all align here.

Can I skip the geogrid for a small wall?

Under 3 ft, on stable soil, with a flat top: usually yes per most manufacturer prescriptive details. Anything taller, sloped above, or carrying a surcharge needs grid every 2 courses to bind the block to the backfill mass. Don't guess — read the manufacturer's spec for your block.

How long does an SRW last?

Properly built: 50+ years. The blocks are precast concrete, the failure modes are drainage and base. Walls fail because the base settled (didn't compact), water pressure built up (no drain stone or no weep), or fines clogged the system (no filter fabric). Get those three right and the wall outlasts you.

How much should the wall lean back?

1 inch of setback per 12 inches of height is standard for most SRW systems. The block lip on the back face automatically creates this — don't try to defeat it. The lean is what lets the wall resist soil pressure passively.